Paper making machinery



Sept. 22, 1936. -J. E. BOND PAPER MAKING- MACHINERY 2 sheets-sheet 1 Filed Nov. 9, 1955 Sept. 22, 1936. J E BOND 2,055,143

PAPER MAKING MACHINERY Filed Nov. 9, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented sept. 22, 193e UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE:r

6 Claims.

This invention relates to the art of making paper and the like andmore particularly to pulping and refining apparatus for disintegrating and refining paper pulp.

One of the principal objects of the invention is the provision of an eflicient and effective method and means of pulping in which a. rening action is carried out at a consistency as high as 10% or more. i

Another object of the invention is the provision of a method of refining pulp at very high consistency in which some of the pulp or stock is supplied from a circulating system to a conned refining action.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description, the appended claims and the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. l is a plan view of an apparatus embodying and for practicing the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the apparatus;

Fig. 3 is `a vertical section of the apparatus taken on the line I-l of Fig. l; and

Fig. 4 is a vertical section taken on the line I--I of Fig. 4.

In accordance with the present invention paper pulp and the like is broken up or defibered by the utilization of apparatus which effectively circulates the stock within and through the part of movement of mechanisms :for causing disintegration or defibering of the fibrous material, bundles, laps, etc. Such action is desirably accomplished and obtained by means of rotatable blades which revolve at high speed while acting on very high consistency stock and which are so constructed that in operation vthey hold back a lap or bundle of stock while playing `upon it and shredding, whirling and breaking up the pulp into smaller pieces, which are then forced along so that some of the pulp pieces of large size are returned to the mainsupply of pulp or stock in the circulating vat or tank, while the more completed debered stock is supplied under pressure to the inlet of, and is fed into, a reflner. The stock pieces and fibers taken into the renner are as high as 10% or more in consistency. the thick stock being brushed, rolled, and straightened in the reiiner by the action of relatively rotatable oppositely spiralled blades in the casing and plug of the reflner.

Referring more particularly tothe drawing by reference numerals, I0 designates generally a vat or tank having a midfeather I I suitably arranged to provide for substantially unobstructed circulation of the stock around the midfeather and along the sides of the tank. The bottom of the tank is sloped so that the stock tends to ilow by gravity from the floor portion I2 along to the portion I3 in a continuous and unobstructed manner.

Extending between the midfeather II and the outer wall of the vat is a partition or wall I5, and at one side of the partition the vat has a large opening I6, preferably rectangular in shape, into which the pulp or stock passes after completing 10 a circuit ofthe vat. After passing through the opening I6 which is preferably large enough to accommodate an entire pulp lap or sheet, the stock, as herein shown, flows through a rectangular casing portion or pipe I1 which may extend 15 from the tank or vat, and passes to the stock breaking apparatus including a' suitable pump. The pump is effective to force the stock along suitably, at a consistency of 10% and even up to 14%. The pump forces .some of the stock along 20 through a pipe I9 and into the space 25 above the wall I5, the stock circulating continuously around the midfeather and back to the suction opening I6.

The'breaking means as more fully set forth in my copending application, Serial No. 697,311, filed November 9, 1933 may comprise a plurality of breakersdesignated by the numerals 28 and 33. constructed to hold back bundles of stock drawn forward by the pumping action while playing 30 upon them in the space 21. These blades are preferably all secured o n the shaft 29 which is connected to a reversible electric motor 30 adapted to rotate the blades at high speed. The faces of the blades 28 and 33 are suitably inclined to 35- the plane of rotation for propelling effect, and the end blades 28 are inclined axially in a rearward direction so as to prevent the pulp pieces from clogging or piling up ad-,iacent the end of the shaft. 'I'he peripheral speed of blades 28 of 40 a diameter of about 19 inches and using stuii* of 12% consistency, may be of the order of a mile per minute. 'I'he bundles of stock which are supplied to the tank and which flow into the inlet or suction opening I6 are held back by the blades 45 which at the same time play upon' the bundle and break up the pulp by whirling and whipping it until it is so shredded and torn apart as to be in condition to go to the circulating impact type impeller blades 35 provided within the small- 50 er end of the passage 32. The breaker blades are effective in tearing and breaking the pulp as its high consistency causes a high resistance to be set up. The impeller blades 35 draw the pulp'or` stock along and force some of it up through the pipe I9 so thatit is returned to the vat to be circulated therein.

While reference is made herein to bundles of stock or pulp, other forms of iibrous material such as for example printed papers, broke, etc., are to be included in the terms used. The stock that is returned to the tank through the 'pipe I9 and which passes through the space 25 above, the partition I5 circulates around the l midfeather and returns again to the inlet or suction opening I5. Some of the stock returned to the space 25, however, flows through openings 36 in the partition I instead of circulating around the midfeather, and passes downwardly so as to 15 iiow on to the pulp inthe vat which is passing or ready to pass in the suction opening I8. The

advancing bundles or overlapping pulp sheets are thus effectively submerged or turned down at their advancing ends so as to more readily enter the suction opening.

Only apart o f the pulp or stock passing the breaking blades 28 andv33 is returned directly to the tank, however, the remainder being supplied under the pressure obtaining at the outlet side of the impeller blades 35 to the inlet side of the tapered casing of a reflner. This reilner, designated generally by the reference numeral 45, see Figs. 1 and 4, comprises the tapered casing I5, the inlet side of which is of smaller diameter and 30 opens into the passage I9 so as to be supplied with stock that has been passed by the breaking blades 28 and 33. The casing I6 contains a se- 'ries of spaced bars which are preferably of spiral or volute shape. The distance between adjacent bars, which may be about forty in number, may

be made about thesame as bar width. Rotatably fitting within the case is the tapered plug 41 Carried by the shaft 29, the plug also carrying spiral or volute shape bars suitably spaced apart, the bars of the plug curving oppcsitely than the bars in the casing. The space betweenthe bars of the plug and casing may be adjusted by longitudinal adjustment of the bearing housing 49 b y means of an adjustable threaded stop mem- 45 ber 50. A hydraulic control comprising the piston 5I contained in the cylinder 52 and connected to the bearing housing 49 is preferably supplied to govern the position of the plug shaft of the renner and to hold the plug towards the smaller end of the casing against the adjustable stop member during operation. 'I'he oppositely spirals ling character of the blades on the plug and casing of the refiner is such as to cause an efficient brushing and rolling or straightening action and also an effective pumping action so that the stock can be supplied to the discharge pipe 53 from which it may either be sent back to the tank I0 i or may be supplied to a desired point of use.

The renner l5 is supplied with pulp or stock of as high as 10% and up to 14% consistency, and produces an eifective dei'lbering, rolling, straightening and brushing action on the`stock, refining it so that it is in condition to pass to a point (if-use, or if the breaking up or pulping action is not fully completed, for return to the tank i0.

efore the stock bundles in the tank are thor'- o'ughly broken up and shredded the clearance between the lbars of the plug and casing may be quite substantial thus straightening out the stock pieces and treating them with a gentle breaking lip action, but when the system has been operating a suitable time and the debering action is nearly or fully completed the clearance may be reduced to produce a more effective brushing and renning action. As will be apparent from Fig. 4

va short distance from the blades 55 and between them and the impact blades 35 so that large pieces of pulp will tend to travel up the passage I9 rather than going into the refiner. The smaller pieces of pulp and the defibered stock, however, can flow freely under pressure and be .drawn under the suction effect of the blades 55 into the rener so as to be more effectively rened before being supplied to a point of use. Inasmuch as the discharge end of the reflner is at a substantial pressure head the action of the refiner is quite thorough, and very effective and a continuous flow through the reflner is assgired since the flow to the refiner is under considerable pressure and also by reason of the pumping action of the refiner itself.

The reiiner is eil'ective in forcing a flow of the high consistency stock while acting upon the stock to produce `a. more Athorough refining action than that obtained by the blades-28 and 33, and the combination of the rapidly whirling blades 28 and 33 and the action obtained in the refiner 66 is such as to produce a stronger sheet of paper with a marked saving in power. The capacity of the system is greater and the power requirements less for the high consistencystock since the amount of material present is less than would be the case if stock of the ordinary consistencies were treated.

While the method herein described, and the form of apparatus for carrying this method into effect, constitute preferred embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to this precise method and form of apparatus, and that changes may be made in either without departing from the scope of the invention which is defined in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

L Apparatus for the treatment of paper pulp at high consistency comprising a tank for receiving paper pulp, a passage extending from said tank and returning back to the tank, rotary high speed beater blades in said passage for whirling and pulping the stock, a dow controlling partition in said tank between the inlet and outlet sides of said passage, a tapered casing having an inlet opening in communication with the outlet side of said blades and ahead of the point of return to the tank, and a tapered plug rotatably ntting `within said casing, said plug and casing having cooperating blades for refining the stock.

2. Apparatus for the treatment of paper pulp at high consistency comprising a tankfor receiving paperpulp, a passage extending from said tank and returning back to the tank, rotary high speed beater blades in said passage for whirling and pulping the stock, a flow controllingpartition in said tank between the inlet and outlet sides of said :t e, a tapered casing having an inlet opening in communication with the' outlet Vside of said blades and ahead of the point of return to the tank, propelling blades at the inlet opening ofsaid casing for' forcing' material into said casing. and a tapered plug rotatably tting within said' casing, saidy plug and casing having cooperating blades for refining the stock.

3. Apparatus of the-clxaracter` described for pulping at high consistency comprising a pulp passage, high speed rotary blades in said passage but spaced radially from the walls of said passage and adapted to shred, whirl and pump the pulp while holding back a bundle of pulp, a return passage for circulating said pulp back to said blades. a tapered casing having its inlet end in communication with the discharge side of said blades, propelling means at the inlet end of said casing, a baffle member 'between said blades and propelling means, and a tapered plug rotatably tting within said casing and cooperating therewith to vreiine the pulp entering the casing.

4. Pulping apparatus of the. character described for .pulping at high consistency comprising a tank for receiving pulp, a passage extending from the tankl and returning to a higher point in the tank, said tank being adapted for the circulation of the pulpin an unobstructed manner from the outlet of said passage to the inlet thereof, a high speed rotary beating blade in said passage for whirling and breaking the stock while the stock is substantially unconned, a tapered casing having its smaller end in communication with said passage between said blade and the point of return to the tank, and la tapered plug rotatably fitting within said casing, said casing and plug having oppositely spiralled bars for refining the pulp entering said casing.

5. Breaking apparatus of the character described for pulping at' a consistency of 10% or more comprising high speed rotary blades for whirling and breaking the pulp and forcing it along, a tapered casing having its smaller end at the discharge side of said blades, and a tapered plug rotatably tting within said casing, said casing and plug having oppositely spiralled bars for rening the pulp entering said casing.

6. Apparatus for the treatment of paper pulp comprising a circulating'tank adapted for unrestrained circulation of paper pulp, high speed rotary blades for whirling, beating and breaking up the stock while the stock is substantially unconfined, a casing having an inlet opening adapted to receive stock that has been whirled and broken up,by said blades, stationary casing blades for said casing, and a rotatable plug in said casing having blades cooperating with ,the casing blades for rening and rolling the stock, said casing having a discharge passage for returning the stock to the tank for circulation to said high speed rotary blades.

JOSEPH E. BOND. 

